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AP Biology
Unit 1 Chemistry of Life
Concepts
Chemical Bonds
London Dispersion Force
Covalent Bonds
Hydrogen Bond
Ionic Bond
Chemical Reactions
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrolysis
Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrate
Disaccharide
Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
Lipids
Fats
Fat
Oil
Omega Fatty Acids
Saturated Fat
Trans Fat
Unsaturated Fat
Lipid
Phospholipid
Steroid
Wax
Proteins
Protein Structure
1. Primary Structure
Primary Structure
2. Secondary Structure
Alpha Helix
Beta Sheet
Secondary Structure
3. Tertiary Structure
Disulfide Bond
Tertiary Structure
4. Quaternary Structure
Protein Complex
Protein Subunit
Quaternary Structure
C-Terminus
Chaperone (Protein)
Denaturation
N-Terminus
Protein Folding
Protein Structure
Enzyme
Hormone
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Water Properties
Adhesion
Cohesion
Density
Heat of Vaporization
Solvent Properties
Specific Heat Capacity
Amino Acid
Capillary Action
Partial Hydrogenation
pH
Saturation
Surface Tension
Lessons
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Structure of Water and Hydrogen Bonding
Hydrogen Bonds in Water
Miscellaneous Lessons
Carbohydrates
Introduction to Macromolecules
Introduction to Proteins and Amino Acids
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Orders of Protein Structure
Vocabulary
Biological Molecules
Monomer
Polymer
Chemical Links
Ester Bond
Glycosidic Bond
Phosphodiester Bond
Isomers
Stereoisomerism
Diastereomer
Enantiomer
Stereoisomer
Isomer
Structural Isomer
Properties
Electronegativity
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Polarity
Solvent
Alcohol
Amphipathic
Calorie
Directionality
Meniscus
Micelle
Unit 2 Cell Structure and Function
Concepts
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Cytosol
Organelles
Chloroplast
Chloroplast
Endomembrane System
Cell Nucleus
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Ribosome
Vacuole
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion
Peroxisome
Vocabulary
Microvillus
Unit 4 Cell Communication and Cell Cycle
Concepts
Cell Signaling
Cell-cell Junctions
Anchoring Junctions
Adherens Junction
Cadherin
Desmosome
Hemidesmosome
Gap Junction
Connexin
Connexon
Gap Junction
Innexin
Tight Junction
Tight Junction
Cell Adhesion
Cell Adhesion Molecule
Cell Junction
Plasmodesma
Signal Transduction
Signal Pathways
MAPK-ERK Pathway
G Protein-coupled Receptor
Cell Surface Receptor
Ligand
Quorum Sensing
Feedback
Homeostasis
Negative Feedback
Positive Feedback
Biofilm
Lessons
Lesson 1 Cell Communication
Cell-cell Junctions
Cell-cell Signaling in Unicellular Organisms
Lesson 3 Changes in Signal Transduction Pathways
Signal Relay Pathways
Vocabulary
Membrane Channels
Membrane Channel
Autoinducer
Chromosome
Cytoplasmic Plaque
Mating Factor
Unit 5 Heredity
Concepts
Cellular Reproduction
Meiosis
Inheritance Tools
Pedigree
Mendelian Inheritance
Mendel's Laws
Law of Dominance
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Segregation
Mendelian Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Inheritance
Codominance
Epistasis
Extranuclear Inheritance
Genetic Linkage
Incomplete Dominance
Multiple Alleles
Non-Mendelian Inheritance
Polygenic Inheritance
Sex-Linked Inheritance
Non-nuclear Inheritance
Chloroplast Inheritance
Mitochondrial Inheritance
Law of Multiplication
Nondisjunction
Phenotype Plasticity
Rh Factor
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 5.4 Non-Mendelian Genetics
Lesson 5.5 Chi Square Mendelian Genetics
Edpuzzles
Edpuzzle Non-Mendelian Genetics
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Meiosis and Genetic Diversity
Lesson 3 Non-Mendelian Genetics
Lesson 4 Environmental Effects on Phenotype
Lesson 5 Chromosomal Inheritance
Vocabulary
Cell Types
Aneuploid
Euploid
Gamete
Polyploid
Somatic Cell
Zygote
Chromosomes
Allosomal
Autosomal
Chromatid
Homologous
Genotype Sets
Heterozygous
Homozygous
Traits
Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Karyotype
Recombination
Test Cross
Variegated
Unit 6 Gene Expression and Regulation
Concepts
Biotechnology
DNA Cloning
1. Cutting and Pasting DNA
2. Transformation
3. Protein Production
DNA Cloning
Biotechnology
DNA Sequencing
Gel Electrophoresis
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gene Expression
Protein Synthesis
Transcription
mRNA Processing
Protection
Splicing
1. Initiation
2. Elongation
3. Termination
Transcription
Translation
Central Dogma
DNA Replication
Gene Expression
Nucleotides
Nucleotide
RNA
Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 6 Central Dogma
Lesson 6 Genetic Engineering
Lesson 6 Mutations
Lesson 6.1 Gene Expression (Day 1)
Lesson 6.1 Gene Expression (Day 2)
Lesson 6.3 DNA Transcription
Lesson 6.4 Operons
Edpuzzles
6.4 Operons (Lac and Trp Operons)
Khan Academy
Lesson 7 Biotechnology
Intro to Biotechnology
Overview DNA Cloning
Lesson 1 DNA and RNA Structure
Lesson 2 Replication
Lesson 3 Transcription and RNA Processing
Vocabulary
DNA Replication
Lagging Strand
Leading Strand
Okazaki Fragment
Replication Bubble
Replication Fork
RNA Primer
Single-strand Binding Protein
Enzymes
DNA Replication
DNA Polymerase
DNA Polymerase
DNA Polymerase I
DNA Polymerase III
DNA Helicase
DNA Ligase
DNA Primase
DNA Topoisomerase
Transcription
RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase I
RNA Polymerase II
RNA Polymerase III
Spliceosome
Restriction Enzymes
Nucleobases
Purine
Pyrimidine
Operon
Operator
Operon
Promoter
Repressor
Structural Gene
Pre-mRNA
5' Cap
Exon
Intron
Poly-A Tail
Pre-mRNA
Agarose
Codon
DNA Ladder
Mutation
Peptide
Plasmid
Recombinant DNA
Semiconservative
Unit 7 Natural Selection
Concepts
Evolution
Genetic Drift
Bottleneck Effect
Founder Effect
Genetic Drift
Natural Selection
Directional Selection
Disruptive Selection
Natural Selection
Stabilizing Selection
Evolution
Gene Flow
Reproductive Isolation
Prezygotic Barriers
Behavioral Isolation
Gametic Isolation
Habitat Isolation
Mechanical Isolation
Prezygotic Barrier
Temporal Isolation
Postzygotic Barrier
Reproductive Isolation
Speciation
Allopatric Speciation
Speciation
Sympatric Speciation
Artificial Selection
Biological Species Concept
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Miller-Urey Experiment
Primordial Soup
RNA World Hypothesis
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 7
Lesson 7 March Mammal Madness
Lesson 7 Natural Selection
Lesson 7.1 RNA World Hypothesis
Lesson 7.5 Hardy Weinberg Problems
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Natural Selection
Darwin, Evolution, & Natural Selection
Lesson 2 Artificial Selection
Natural Selection and Human Selection
Lesson 3 Population Genetics
Genetic Drift
Natural Selection in Populations
Lesson 8 Speciation
Species & Speciation
Vocabulary
Allele Frequency
Fitness
Fixation
Gene Pool
Macroevolution
Microevolution
Polyploidy
Species
Survival of the Fittest
Unit 8 Ecology
Concepts
Defense Mechanisms
Aposematic Coloration
Batesian Mimicry
Camouflage
Müllerian Mimicry
Innate Behavior
Fixed Action Pattern
Innate Behavior
Kinesis
Reflex
Taxis
Life History Theory
r-K Selection Theory
K-selected Species
r-K Selection Theory
r-selected Species
Capital and Income Breeding
Life History Theory
Population Dynamics
Exponential Growth
Logistic Growth
Population Dynamics
Thermoregulation
Countercurrent Heat Exchange
Ectotherm
Endotherm
Evaporative Mechanism
Insulation
Thermogenesis
Vasoconstriction
Vasodilation
Biotic Potential
Carrying Capacity
Green World Hypothesis
Lessons
Class Notes
Video Notes 1
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Responses to the Environment
Innate Behaviors
Lesson 3 Population Ecology
Exponential & Logistic Growth
Vocabulary
Species
Keystone Species
Instinct
Intraspecific Competition
Naive Animal
AP Computer Science A
Unit 1 Primitive Types
Concepts
Algorithm
Iteration
Selection
Sequencing
Control Structure
Iteration Statement
Selection Statement
Two-way Selection Statement
Data Type
Decomposition
Inheritance
Logical Operator
Object-oriented Programming
Programming Style
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 4 Instantiating Objects
Lesson 5 Methods
Lesson 6 Methods with Parameters
Lesson 7 Loops
Lesson 8 Inheritance
Lesson 9 Writing Methods
Lesson 10 Programming Style and Feedback
Lesson 11 Selection Statements
Lesson 12 Debugging Strategies
Lesson 13 Decomposition and Design
Lesson 14 Two-Way Selection Statements
Vocabulary
Classes
Class
Class Header
Subclass
Superclass
Tester Class
Control Structures
Condition
If Statement
While Loop
Data Types
Boolean
Double
Int
String Literal
String Object
Variable
Keywords
Keyword
Void
Methods
Dot Operator
Method
Method Signature
Parameter
Objects
Attribute
Behavior
Constructor
Object
Software Development
Code Review
Commit
Documentation
Efficient
Pseudocode
Algorithm
Argument
Control Structure
Declaration
Infinite Loop
Instantiate
Redundant Code
Return
Return Type
Unit 2 Using Objects
Concepts
Don't Repeat Yourself Principle
Encapsulation
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 1 Attributes
Lesson 2 No-Argument Constructors
Lesson 3 Parameterized Constructors
Lesson 4 The this Keyword
Vocabulary
Constructors
Actual Parameter
Call by Value
Constructor Signature
Formal Parameter
No-argument Constructor
Parameterized Constructor
Access Modifier
Default Value
Instance Variable
Local Variable
Overloading
Refactor
Scope
State
AP United States History
Unit 1 Period 1 1491-1607
Concepts
Native American Regions
Mississippi River
Northeast
Pacific Coast
Plains
Pueblo Desert
Casta System
Columbian Exchange
Encomienda System
Hopewellian Tradition
Northeast
Portuguese Trading Empire
Events
New Laws
Pueblo Revolt
Treaty of Tordesillas
Important People
Bartolomé de Las Casas
Christopher Columbus
Hernán Cortés
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 1 Notes
Organizations
Iroquois Confederacy
Settlements
Saint Augustine
Vocabulary
Conquistadores
New World
Three Sisters
Unit 2 Period 2 1607-1754
Colonies
British America
Settlements
Jamestown
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Pennsylvania Colony
Plymouth Colony
Roanoke Colony
Thirteen Colonies
British Colonies
Chesapeake Colonies
Middle Colonies
New England Colonies
Southern Colonies
West Indies Colonies
New France
Settlements
Quebec City
Canada (New France)
French Colonies
New Netherland
Settlements
New Netherland
Dutch Colonies
Concepts
Religion
Calvinism
Deism
Evangelicalism
A City Upon a Hill
Anglicization
Indentured Servitude
Joint Stock Company
Mercantilism
Triangular Trade
Events
Conflicts
Bacon's Rebellion
King Philip's War
Stono Rebellion
Enlightenment
First Great Awakening
Groups
New Lights
Old Lights
Pilgrims
Puritans
Quakers
Important People
Religious Figures
Anne Hutchinson
George Whitefield
John Winthrop
Jonathan Edwards
Benjamin Franklin
Jacques Cartier
Samuel de Champlain
Legislation
Mayflower Compact
Navigation Acts
Negro Act of 1740
Slave Codes
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 2 Notes
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Early Colonization Projects
French and Dutch Exploration in the New World
Lesson 3 Colonial North America
The Great Awakening
Organizations
Dutch East India Company
Dutch West India Company
House of Burgesses
Unit 3 Period 3 1754-1800
Concepts
Government Structure
Bicameralism
Federalism
Republicanism
Separation of Powers
Unicameralism
No Taxation without Representation
Republican Motherhood
Salutary Neglect
Virtual Representation
Women in the American Revolution
Events
American Revolution
American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War
Battle of Bunker Hill
Battle of Saratoga
Battle of Yorktown
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Siege of Boston
American Revolution
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
Common Sense
First Continental Congress
Gaspee Affair
Second Continental Congress
Stamp Act Congress
The American Crisis
Treaty of Paris (1783)
Conflicts
French and Indian War
Pontiac's Uprising
Quasi-War
Shays' Rebellion
Whiskey Rebellion
Anti-Federalist Papers
Constitutional Convention
George Washington's Farewell Address
The Federalist Papers
Treaty of (1763)
Treaty of Mortefontaine
XYZ Affair
Groups
Founding Fathers
Loyalists
Patriots
Important People
Patriots
Alexander Hamilton
John Dickinson
John Hancock
John Jay
Martha Washington
Paul Revere
Samuel Adams
Thomas Paine
Presidents
George Washington
John Adams
George III
Thomas Gage
Legislation
American Revolution
Boston Non-importation Agreement
Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress
Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Rights and Grievances
Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms
Lee Resolution
Olive Branch Petition
Petition to the King
British Acts
Declaratory Act
Intolerable Acts
Quartering Act 1765
Stamp Act
Sugar Act
Tea Act
Townshend Acts
Early Republic
Constitutional Convention
Bill of Rights
Connecticut Compromise
Constitution of the United States
New Jersey Plan
Three-fifths Compromise
Virginia Plan
Alien and Sedition Acts
Articles of Confederation
First Bank of the United States
Jay Treaty
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
Necessary and Proper Clause
Nonintercourse Act
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Pinckney's Treaty
French and Indian War
Albany Plan of Union
Royal Proclamation of 1763
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 3 Notes
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 The Seven Years' War (The French and Indian War)
Pontiac's Uprising
Lesson 2 Taxation without Representation
The Townshend Acts and the Committees of Correspondence
Uproar over the Stamp Act
Lesson 6 The Articles of Confederation
Challenges of the Articles of Confederation
Lesson 7 The Constitutional Convention and Debates over Ratification
The Constitutional Convention
Organizations
American Revolution
Committees of Correspondence
Continental Army
Continental Congress
Daughters of Liberty
Minutemen
Sons of Liberty
Political Parties
Democratic-Republicans
Federalists
Anti-Federalists
Congress of the Confederation
Unit 4 Period 4 1800-1848
Concepts
Economy
American System
American System of Manufacturing
Movements
Abolitionism
Culture of Domesticity
Hudson River School
Mormonism
Temperance Movement
Transcendentalism
Politics
Corrupt Bargain
Judicial Review
Loose Constructionism
Monroe Doctrine
Nativism
Nullification
Spoils System
Strict Constructionism
War Hawk
Antebellum South
Impressment
Northwest Territory
Old Immigrants
Webster's Dictionary
Yeoman Farmer
Events
Conflicts
War of 1812
Battle of Bladensburg
Battle of Horseshoe Bend
Battle of New Orleans
Battle of the Thames
Tecumseh's War
War of 1812
Barbary Wars
First Seminole War
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Era of Good Feelings
Era of Good Feelings
Market Revolution
Panic of 1819
Jacksonian Era
Bank War
Nullification Crisis
Panic of 1837
Trail of Tears
Hartford Convention
Louisiana Purchase
Second Great Awakening
Seneca Falls Convention
The Liberator
Treaty of Ghent
Important People
Movement Leaders
Charles Grandison Finney
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Henry David Thoreau
Joseph Smith
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Presidents
Andrew Jackson
James Madison
James Monroe
John Quincy Adams
John Tyler
Martin van Buren
Thomas Jefferson
William Henry Harrison
Henry Clay
John Caldwell Calhoun
John Marshall
Legislation
Jacksonian Era
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
Force Bill
Indian Removal Act
Second Bank of the United States
Tariff of 1832
Tariff of Abominations
Treaty of New Echota
Worcester v. Georgia
Adams–Onís Treaty
Declaration of Sentiments
Embargo Act of 1807
Gibbons v. Ogden
Marbury v. Madison
McCulloch v. Maryland
Midnight Judges Act
Missouri Compromise
Tallmadge Amendment
Twelfth Amendment
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 4 Notes
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 The Rise of Political Parties and the Era of Jefferson
The War of 1812
Lesson 7 Jackson and Federal Power
The Presidency of Andrew Jackson
Organizations
Political Parties
Anti-Masonic Party
Democratic Party
Know Nothing Party
National Republican Party
Whig Party
Corps of Discovery
American Anti-Slavery Society
American Temperance Society
Oneida Community
Regular Army
Tecumseh's Confederacy
Unit 5 Period 5 1844-1877
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 5 Notes
Unit 6 Period 6 1865-1898
Concepts
Gold Standard
Important People
Presidents
Benjamin Harrison
Chester A. Arthur
Grover Cleveland
James A. Garfield
Rutherford B. Hayes
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 5 Politics and Government in the Gilded Age
Organizations
Unions
American Federation of Labor
Knights of Labor
Farmers' Alliance
Granger Movement
Greenback Party
Political Parties
Populist Party
Vocabulary
Social Darwinism
Unit 7 Period 7 1890-1945
Concepts
Spanish-American War
Yellow Journalism
WWII
Double V Campaign
Leapfrogging
Total War
Non-interventionism
Events
Spanish American War
Sinking of the USS Maine
Spanish American War
WWI
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Sinking of the RMS Lusitania
World War I
Zimmermann Telegram
WWII
Attack on Pearl Harbor
Executive Order 9066
Smith-Connally Act
Victory in Europe Day
World War II
Great Depression
Harlem Renaissance
Progressive Era
Roaring 20's
Important People
Presidents
Calvin Coolidge
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Herbert Hoover
Theodore Roosevelt
Warren G. Harding
William Howard Taft
William McKinley
Woodrow Wilson
Alice Paul
Florence Kelley
Ida B. Wells
Ida Tarbell
Jacob Riis
Margaret Sangar
Upton Sinclair
Legislation
WWI
Espionage Act
Schenck v. US
Selective Service Act
WWII
Atlantic Charter
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Lend-Lease Act
Neutrality Act 1939
Open Door Policy
Smoot Hawley Tax
Teller Amendment
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 1 Spanish American War
Lesson 3 The Progressive Era
Lesson 4 WWI
Lesson 5 Roaring 20s
Lesson 6 Great Depression
Lesson 7 WWII Part 1
Lesson 7 WWII Part 2
Lesson 7 WWII Part 3
Lesson 10 Post War Diplomacy
Organizations
Conservative Republican
Liberal Democrats
Unit 8 Period 8 1945-1980
Concepts
Cold War Foreign Policy
Containment
Domino Theory
Eisenhower Doctrine
Marshall Plan
Mutually Assured Destruction
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Truman Doctrine
Movements
Black Power
Counterculture
New Left
American Indian Movement
Military Industrial Complex
Post–World War II Economic Expansion
Red Scare
Sun Belt
Events
Cold War
Space Race
Launch of Sputnik 1
Space Race
Vietnam War
My Lai Massacre
Paris Peace Accords
Tet Offensive
Vietnam War
Cold War
Cuban Missile Crisis
George Kennan Long Telegram
Korean War
Political Unrest
1968 Democratic National Convention Protests
Delano Grape Strike
Free Speech Movement
Stonewall Riots
Hollywood Ten
Pentagon Papers
Rosenberg Case
Silent Spring
Three Mile Island Accident
Woodstock Music and Art Fair
Important People
Presidents
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Harry S. Truman
Betty Friedan
Cesar Chavez
Malcolm X
Michael Harrington
Rachel Carson
Legislation
Civil Rights
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Equal Rights Amendment
Executive Order 9981
Griswold v. Connecticut
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Environmental Protection
Clean Air Act
Clean Water Act
Earth Day
Great Society
Economic Opportunity Act of 1964
Great Society
Head Start Program
War on Poverty
G.I. Bill
Immigration Act of 1965
McCarthyism
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Roe v. Wade
Taft–Hartley Act
Lessons
Class Notes
Mini Lesson 1
Mini Lesson 2
Period 8 Notes
Organizations
Alliances
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
Warsaw Pact
Black Panthers
House Un-American Activities Committee
Students for a Democratic Society
Vocabulary
Judicial Activism
Unit 9 Period 9 1980-Present
Concepts
Christian Right
New Right
Reaganomics
Strategic Defense Initiative
Events
1983 Beirut Barracks Bombings
Gulf of Sidra Incident
Iran-Contra Affair
Soviet-Afghan War
Strategic Arms Reduction Talks
United States Invasion of Grenada
Legislation
Panama Canal Treaty
Tax Reform Act of 1986
Lessons
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Reagan and Conservatism
Emergence of the AIDS crisis
Ronald Reagan Election and Domestic Policies
Lesson 2 The End of the Cold War
Ronald Reagan Foreign Policy
Organizations
Contras
Mujahideen
National Union for the Total Independence of Angola
Vocabulary
Deregulation
HIV/AIDS
SAT Preparations
Khan Academy
Math
Lessons
Unit 10 Advanced Algebra
Lesson 1 Solving Linear Equations and Inequalities Advanced
Solving Linear Equations and Linear Inequalities
Lesson 2 Linear Equation Word Problems Advanced
Understanding Linear Relationships
Reading and Writing
Unit 4 Advanced Reading and Writing
Lessons
Lesson 2 Command of Evidence Quantitative
Command of Evidence Quantitative
Command of Evidence Quantitative Worked Example
Lesson 6 Text Structure and Purpose
Part-to-whole Relationships
Text Structure and Purpose
About the StudyDeposit
Changelog
Community Collaboration
Recent Notes
Lesson 4 The this Keyword
Nov 13, 2024
Scope
Nov 13, 2024
Lesson 3 Parameterized Constructors
Nov 12, 2024
Actual Parameter
Nov 12, 2024
Call by Value
Nov 12, 2024
Explorer
AP Biology
Unit 1 Chemistry of Life
Concepts
Chemical Bonds
London Dispersion Force
Covalent Bonds
Hydrogen Bond
Ionic Bond
Chemical Reactions
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrolysis
Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrate
Disaccharide
Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
Lipids
Fats
Fat
Oil
Omega Fatty Acids
Saturated Fat
Trans Fat
Unsaturated Fat
Lipid
Phospholipid
Steroid
Wax
Proteins
Protein Structure
1. Primary Structure
Primary Structure
2. Secondary Structure
Alpha Helix
Beta Sheet
Secondary Structure
3. Tertiary Structure
Disulfide Bond
Tertiary Structure
4. Quaternary Structure
Protein Complex
Protein Subunit
Quaternary Structure
C-Terminus
Chaperone (Protein)
Denaturation
N-Terminus
Protein Folding
Protein Structure
Enzyme
Hormone
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Water Properties
Adhesion
Cohesion
Density
Heat of Vaporization
Solvent Properties
Specific Heat Capacity
Amino Acid
Capillary Action
Partial Hydrogenation
pH
Saturation
Surface Tension
Lessons
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Structure of Water and Hydrogen Bonding
Hydrogen Bonds in Water
Miscellaneous Lessons
Carbohydrates
Introduction to Macromolecules
Introduction to Proteins and Amino Acids
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Orders of Protein Structure
Vocabulary
Biological Molecules
Monomer
Polymer
Chemical Links
Ester Bond
Glycosidic Bond
Phosphodiester Bond
Isomers
Stereoisomerism
Diastereomer
Enantiomer
Stereoisomer
Isomer
Structural Isomer
Properties
Electronegativity
Hydrophilic
Hydrophobic
Polarity
Solvent
Alcohol
Amphipathic
Calorie
Directionality
Meniscus
Micelle
Unit 2 Cell Structure and Function
Concepts
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Cytosol
Organelles
Chloroplast
Chloroplast
Endomembrane System
Cell Nucleus
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Ribosome
Vacuole
Mitochondrion
Mitochondrion
Peroxisome
Vocabulary
Microvillus
Unit 4 Cell Communication and Cell Cycle
Concepts
Cell Signaling
Cell-cell Junctions
Anchoring Junctions
Adherens Junction
Cadherin
Desmosome
Hemidesmosome
Gap Junction
Connexin
Connexon
Gap Junction
Innexin
Tight Junction
Tight Junction
Cell Adhesion
Cell Adhesion Molecule
Cell Junction
Plasmodesma
Signal Transduction
Signal Pathways
MAPK-ERK Pathway
G Protein-coupled Receptor
Cell Surface Receptor
Ligand
Quorum Sensing
Feedback
Homeostasis
Negative Feedback
Positive Feedback
Biofilm
Lessons
Lesson 1 Cell Communication
Cell-cell Junctions
Cell-cell Signaling in Unicellular Organisms
Lesson 3 Changes in Signal Transduction Pathways
Signal Relay Pathways
Vocabulary
Membrane Channels
Membrane Channel
Autoinducer
Chromosome
Cytoplasmic Plaque
Mating Factor
Unit 5 Heredity
Concepts
Cellular Reproduction
Meiosis
Inheritance Tools
Pedigree
Mendelian Inheritance
Mendel's Laws
Law of Dominance
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Segregation
Mendelian Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Inheritance
Codominance
Epistasis
Extranuclear Inheritance
Genetic Linkage
Incomplete Dominance
Multiple Alleles
Non-Mendelian Inheritance
Polygenic Inheritance
Sex-Linked Inheritance
Non-nuclear Inheritance
Chloroplast Inheritance
Mitochondrial Inheritance
Law of Multiplication
Nondisjunction
Phenotype Plasticity
Rh Factor
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 5.4 Non-Mendelian Genetics
Lesson 5.5 Chi Square Mendelian Genetics
Edpuzzles
Edpuzzle Non-Mendelian Genetics
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Meiosis and Genetic Diversity
Lesson 3 Non-Mendelian Genetics
Lesson 4 Environmental Effects on Phenotype
Lesson 5 Chromosomal Inheritance
Vocabulary
Cell Types
Aneuploid
Euploid
Gamete
Polyploid
Somatic Cell
Zygote
Chromosomes
Allosomal
Autosomal
Chromatid
Homologous
Genotype Sets
Heterozygous
Homozygous
Traits
Genotype
Phenotype
Allele
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Karyotype
Recombination
Test Cross
Variegated
Unit 6 Gene Expression and Regulation
Concepts
Biotechnology
DNA Cloning
1. Cutting and Pasting DNA
2. Transformation
3. Protein Production
DNA Cloning
Biotechnology
DNA Sequencing
Gel Electrophoresis
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gene Expression
Protein Synthesis
Transcription
mRNA Processing
Protection
Splicing
1. Initiation
2. Elongation
3. Termination
Transcription
Translation
Central Dogma
DNA Replication
Gene Expression
Nucleotides
Nucleotide
RNA
Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 6 Central Dogma
Lesson 6 Genetic Engineering
Lesson 6 Mutations
Lesson 6.1 Gene Expression (Day 1)
Lesson 6.1 Gene Expression (Day 2)
Lesson 6.3 DNA Transcription
Lesson 6.4 Operons
Edpuzzles
6.4 Operons (Lac and Trp Operons)
Khan Academy
Lesson 7 Biotechnology
Intro to Biotechnology
Overview DNA Cloning
Lesson 1 DNA and RNA Structure
Lesson 2 Replication
Lesson 3 Transcription and RNA Processing
Vocabulary
DNA Replication
Lagging Strand
Leading Strand
Okazaki Fragment
Replication Bubble
Replication Fork
RNA Primer
Single-strand Binding Protein
Enzymes
DNA Replication
DNA Polymerase
DNA Polymerase
DNA Polymerase I
DNA Polymerase III
DNA Helicase
DNA Ligase
DNA Primase
DNA Topoisomerase
Transcription
RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase I
RNA Polymerase II
RNA Polymerase III
Spliceosome
Restriction Enzymes
Nucleobases
Purine
Pyrimidine
Operon
Operator
Operon
Promoter
Repressor
Structural Gene
Pre-mRNA
5' Cap
Exon
Intron
Poly-A Tail
Pre-mRNA
Agarose
Codon
DNA Ladder
Mutation
Peptide
Plasmid
Recombinant DNA
Semiconservative
Unit 7 Natural Selection
Concepts
Evolution
Genetic Drift
Bottleneck Effect
Founder Effect
Genetic Drift
Natural Selection
Directional Selection
Disruptive Selection
Natural Selection
Stabilizing Selection
Evolution
Gene Flow
Reproductive Isolation
Prezygotic Barriers
Behavioral Isolation
Gametic Isolation
Habitat Isolation
Mechanical Isolation
Prezygotic Barrier
Temporal Isolation
Postzygotic Barrier
Reproductive Isolation
Speciation
Allopatric Speciation
Speciation
Sympatric Speciation
Artificial Selection
Biological Species Concept
Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Miller-Urey Experiment
Primordial Soup
RNA World Hypothesis
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 7
Lesson 7 March Mammal Madness
Lesson 7 Natural Selection
Lesson 7.1 RNA World Hypothesis
Lesson 7.5 Hardy Weinberg Problems
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Natural Selection
Darwin, Evolution, & Natural Selection
Lesson 2 Artificial Selection
Natural Selection and Human Selection
Lesson 3 Population Genetics
Genetic Drift
Natural Selection in Populations
Lesson 8 Speciation
Species & Speciation
Vocabulary
Allele Frequency
Fitness
Fixation
Gene Pool
Macroevolution
Microevolution
Polyploidy
Species
Survival of the Fittest
Unit 8 Ecology
Concepts
Defense Mechanisms
Aposematic Coloration
Batesian Mimicry
Camouflage
Müllerian Mimicry
Innate Behavior
Fixed Action Pattern
Innate Behavior
Kinesis
Reflex
Taxis
Life History Theory
r-K Selection Theory
K-selected Species
r-K Selection Theory
r-selected Species
Capital and Income Breeding
Life History Theory
Population Dynamics
Exponential Growth
Logistic Growth
Population Dynamics
Thermoregulation
Countercurrent Heat Exchange
Ectotherm
Endotherm
Evaporative Mechanism
Insulation
Thermogenesis
Vasoconstriction
Vasodilation
Biotic Potential
Carrying Capacity
Green World Hypothesis
Lessons
Class Notes
Video Notes 1
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Responses to the Environment
Innate Behaviors
Lesson 3 Population Ecology
Exponential & Logistic Growth
Vocabulary
Species
Keystone Species
Instinct
Intraspecific Competition
Naive Animal
AP Computer Science A
Unit 1 Primitive Types
Concepts
Algorithm
Iteration
Selection
Sequencing
Control Structure
Iteration Statement
Selection Statement
Two-way Selection Statement
Data Type
Decomposition
Inheritance
Logical Operator
Object-oriented Programming
Programming Style
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 4 Instantiating Objects
Lesson 5 Methods
Lesson 6 Methods with Parameters
Lesson 7 Loops
Lesson 8 Inheritance
Lesson 9 Writing Methods
Lesson 10 Programming Style and Feedback
Lesson 11 Selection Statements
Lesson 12 Debugging Strategies
Lesson 13 Decomposition and Design
Lesson 14 Two-Way Selection Statements
Vocabulary
Classes
Class
Class Header
Subclass
Superclass
Tester Class
Control Structures
Condition
If Statement
While Loop
Data Types
Boolean
Double
Int
String Literal
String Object
Variable
Keywords
Keyword
Void
Methods
Dot Operator
Method
Method Signature
Parameter
Objects
Attribute
Behavior
Constructor
Object
Software Development
Code Review
Commit
Documentation
Efficient
Pseudocode
Algorithm
Argument
Control Structure
Declaration
Infinite Loop
Instantiate
Redundant Code
Return
Return Type
Unit 2 Using Objects
Concepts
Don't Repeat Yourself Principle
Encapsulation
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 1 Attributes
Lesson 2 No-Argument Constructors
Lesson 3 Parameterized Constructors
Lesson 4 The this Keyword
Vocabulary
Constructors
Actual Parameter
Call by Value
Constructor Signature
Formal Parameter
No-argument Constructor
Parameterized Constructor
Access Modifier
Default Value
Instance Variable
Local Variable
Overloading
Refactor
Scope
State
AP United States History
Unit 1 Period 1 1491-1607
Concepts
Native American Regions
Mississippi River
Northeast
Pacific Coast
Plains
Pueblo Desert
Casta System
Columbian Exchange
Encomienda System
Hopewellian Tradition
Northeast
Portuguese Trading Empire
Events
New Laws
Pueblo Revolt
Treaty of Tordesillas
Important People
Bartolomé de Las Casas
Christopher Columbus
Hernán Cortés
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 1 Notes
Organizations
Iroquois Confederacy
Settlements
Saint Augustine
Vocabulary
Conquistadores
New World
Three Sisters
Unit 2 Period 2 1607-1754
Colonies
British America
Settlements
Jamestown
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Pennsylvania Colony
Plymouth Colony
Roanoke Colony
Thirteen Colonies
British Colonies
Chesapeake Colonies
Middle Colonies
New England Colonies
Southern Colonies
West Indies Colonies
New France
Settlements
Quebec City
Canada (New France)
French Colonies
New Netherland
Settlements
New Netherland
Dutch Colonies
Concepts
Religion
Calvinism
Deism
Evangelicalism
A City Upon a Hill
Anglicization
Indentured Servitude
Joint Stock Company
Mercantilism
Triangular Trade
Events
Conflicts
Bacon's Rebellion
King Philip's War
Stono Rebellion
Enlightenment
First Great Awakening
Groups
New Lights
Old Lights
Pilgrims
Puritans
Quakers
Important People
Religious Figures
Anne Hutchinson
George Whitefield
John Winthrop
Jonathan Edwards
Benjamin Franklin
Jacques Cartier
Samuel de Champlain
Legislation
Mayflower Compact
Navigation Acts
Negro Act of 1740
Slave Codes
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 2 Notes
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Early Colonization Projects
French and Dutch Exploration in the New World
Lesson 3 Colonial North America
The Great Awakening
Organizations
Dutch East India Company
Dutch West India Company
House of Burgesses
Unit 3 Period 3 1754-1800
Concepts
Government Structure
Bicameralism
Federalism
Republicanism
Separation of Powers
Unicameralism
No Taxation without Representation
Republican Motherhood
Salutary Neglect
Virtual Representation
Women in the American Revolution
Events
American Revolution
American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War
Battle of Bunker Hill
Battle of Saratoga
Battle of Yorktown
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Siege of Boston
American Revolution
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
Common Sense
First Continental Congress
Gaspee Affair
Second Continental Congress
Stamp Act Congress
The American Crisis
Treaty of Paris (1783)
Conflicts
French and Indian War
Pontiac's Uprising
Quasi-War
Shays' Rebellion
Whiskey Rebellion
Anti-Federalist Papers
Constitutional Convention
George Washington's Farewell Address
The Federalist Papers
Treaty of (1763)
Treaty of Mortefontaine
XYZ Affair
Groups
Founding Fathers
Loyalists
Patriots
Important People
Patriots
Alexander Hamilton
John Dickinson
John Hancock
John Jay
Martha Washington
Paul Revere
Samuel Adams
Thomas Paine
Presidents
George Washington
John Adams
George III
Thomas Gage
Legislation
American Revolution
Boston Non-importation Agreement
Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress
Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Rights and Grievances
Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms
Lee Resolution
Olive Branch Petition
Petition to the King
British Acts
Declaratory Act
Intolerable Acts
Quartering Act 1765
Stamp Act
Sugar Act
Tea Act
Townshend Acts
Early Republic
Constitutional Convention
Bill of Rights
Connecticut Compromise
Constitution of the United States
New Jersey Plan
Three-fifths Compromise
Virginia Plan
Alien and Sedition Acts
Articles of Confederation
First Bank of the United States
Jay Treaty
Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
Necessary and Proper Clause
Nonintercourse Act
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Pinckney's Treaty
French and Indian War
Albany Plan of Union
Royal Proclamation of 1763
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 3 Notes
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 The Seven Years' War (The French and Indian War)
Pontiac's Uprising
Lesson 2 Taxation without Representation
The Townshend Acts and the Committees of Correspondence
Uproar over the Stamp Act
Lesson 6 The Articles of Confederation
Challenges of the Articles of Confederation
Lesson 7 The Constitutional Convention and Debates over Ratification
The Constitutional Convention
Organizations
American Revolution
Committees of Correspondence
Continental Army
Continental Congress
Daughters of Liberty
Minutemen
Sons of Liberty
Political Parties
Democratic-Republicans
Federalists
Anti-Federalists
Congress of the Confederation
Unit 4 Period 4 1800-1848
Concepts
Economy
American System
American System of Manufacturing
Movements
Abolitionism
Culture of Domesticity
Hudson River School
Mormonism
Temperance Movement
Transcendentalism
Politics
Corrupt Bargain
Judicial Review
Loose Constructionism
Monroe Doctrine
Nativism
Nullification
Spoils System
Strict Constructionism
War Hawk
Antebellum South
Impressment
Northwest Territory
Old Immigrants
Webster's Dictionary
Yeoman Farmer
Events
Conflicts
War of 1812
Battle of Bladensburg
Battle of Horseshoe Bend
Battle of New Orleans
Battle of the Thames
Tecumseh's War
War of 1812
Barbary Wars
First Seminole War
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Era of Good Feelings
Era of Good Feelings
Market Revolution
Panic of 1819
Jacksonian Era
Bank War
Nullification Crisis
Panic of 1837
Trail of Tears
Hartford Convention
Louisiana Purchase
Second Great Awakening
Seneca Falls Convention
The Liberator
Treaty of Ghent
Important People
Movement Leaders
Charles Grandison Finney
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Henry David Thoreau
Joseph Smith
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Presidents
Andrew Jackson
James Madison
James Monroe
John Quincy Adams
John Tyler
Martin van Buren
Thomas Jefferson
William Henry Harrison
Henry Clay
John Caldwell Calhoun
John Marshall
Legislation
Jacksonian Era
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
Force Bill
Indian Removal Act
Second Bank of the United States
Tariff of 1832
Tariff of Abominations
Treaty of New Echota
Worcester v. Georgia
Adams–Onís Treaty
Declaration of Sentiments
Embargo Act of 1807
Gibbons v. Ogden
Marbury v. Madison
McCulloch v. Maryland
Midnight Judges Act
Missouri Compromise
Tallmadge Amendment
Twelfth Amendment
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 4 Notes
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 The Rise of Political Parties and the Era of Jefferson
The War of 1812
Lesson 7 Jackson and Federal Power
The Presidency of Andrew Jackson
Organizations
Political Parties
Anti-Masonic Party
Democratic Party
Know Nothing Party
National Republican Party
Whig Party
Corps of Discovery
American Anti-Slavery Society
American Temperance Society
Oneida Community
Regular Army
Tecumseh's Confederacy
Unit 5 Period 5 1844-1877
Lessons
Class Notes
Unit 5 Notes
Unit 6 Period 6 1865-1898
Concepts
Gold Standard
Important People
Presidents
Benjamin Harrison
Chester A. Arthur
Grover Cleveland
James A. Garfield
Rutherford B. Hayes
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 5 Politics and Government in the Gilded Age
Organizations
Unions
American Federation of Labor
Knights of Labor
Farmers' Alliance
Granger Movement
Greenback Party
Political Parties
Populist Party
Vocabulary
Social Darwinism
Unit 7 Period 7 1890-1945
Concepts
Spanish-American War
Yellow Journalism
WWII
Double V Campaign
Leapfrogging
Total War
Non-interventionism
Events
Spanish American War
Sinking of the USS Maine
Spanish American War
WWI
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Sinking of the RMS Lusitania
World War I
Zimmermann Telegram
WWII
Attack on Pearl Harbor
Executive Order 9066
Smith-Connally Act
Victory in Europe Day
World War II
Great Depression
Harlem Renaissance
Progressive Era
Roaring 20's
Important People
Presidents
Calvin Coolidge
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Herbert Hoover
Theodore Roosevelt
Warren G. Harding
William Howard Taft
William McKinley
Woodrow Wilson
Alice Paul
Florence Kelley
Ida B. Wells
Ida Tarbell
Jacob Riis
Margaret Sangar
Upton Sinclair
Legislation
WWI
Espionage Act
Schenck v. US
Selective Service Act
WWII
Atlantic Charter
Kellogg-Briand Pact
Lend-Lease Act
Neutrality Act 1939
Open Door Policy
Smoot Hawley Tax
Teller Amendment
Lessons
Class Notes
Lesson 1 Spanish American War
Lesson 3 The Progressive Era
Lesson 4 WWI
Lesson 5 Roaring 20s
Lesson 6 Great Depression
Lesson 7 WWII Part 1
Lesson 7 WWII Part 2
Lesson 7 WWII Part 3
Lesson 10 Post War Diplomacy
Organizations
Conservative Republican
Liberal Democrats
Unit 8 Period 8 1945-1980
Concepts
Cold War Foreign Policy
Containment
Domino Theory
Eisenhower Doctrine
Marshall Plan
Mutually Assured Destruction
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Truman Doctrine
Movements
Black Power
Counterculture
New Left
American Indian Movement
Military Industrial Complex
Post–World War II Economic Expansion
Red Scare
Sun Belt
Events
Cold War
Space Race
Launch of Sputnik 1
Space Race
Vietnam War
My Lai Massacre
Paris Peace Accords
Tet Offensive
Vietnam War
Cold War
Cuban Missile Crisis
George Kennan Long Telegram
Korean War
Political Unrest
1968 Democratic National Convention Protests
Delano Grape Strike
Free Speech Movement
Stonewall Riots
Hollywood Ten
Pentagon Papers
Rosenberg Case
Silent Spring
Three Mile Island Accident
Woodstock Music and Art Fair
Important People
Presidents
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Harry S. Truman
Betty Friedan
Cesar Chavez
Malcolm X
Michael Harrington
Rachel Carson
Legislation
Civil Rights
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Equal Rights Amendment
Executive Order 9981
Griswold v. Connecticut
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Environmental Protection
Clean Air Act
Clean Water Act
Earth Day
Great Society
Economic Opportunity Act of 1964
Great Society
Head Start Program
War on Poverty
G.I. Bill
Immigration Act of 1965
McCarthyism
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
Roe v. Wade
Taft–Hartley Act
Lessons
Class Notes
Mini Lesson 1
Mini Lesson 2
Period 8 Notes
Organizations
Alliances
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
Warsaw Pact
Black Panthers
House Un-American Activities Committee
Students for a Democratic Society
Vocabulary
Judicial Activism
Unit 9 Period 9 1980-Present
Concepts
Christian Right
New Right
Reaganomics
Strategic Defense Initiative
Events
1983 Beirut Barracks Bombings
Gulf of Sidra Incident
Iran-Contra Affair
Soviet-Afghan War
Strategic Arms Reduction Talks
United States Invasion of Grenada
Legislation
Panama Canal Treaty
Tax Reform Act of 1986
Lessons
Khan Academy
Lesson 1 Reagan and Conservatism
Emergence of the AIDS crisis
Ronald Reagan Election and Domestic Policies
Lesson 2 The End of the Cold War
Ronald Reagan Foreign Policy
Organizations
Contras
Mujahideen
National Union for the Total Independence of Angola
Vocabulary
Deregulation
HIV/AIDS
SAT Preparations
Khan Academy
Math
Lessons
Unit 10 Advanced Algebra
Lesson 1 Solving Linear Equations and Inequalities Advanced
Solving Linear Equations and Linear Inequalities
Lesson 2 Linear Equation Word Problems Advanced
Understanding Linear Relationships
Reading and Writing
Unit 4 Advanced Reading and Writing
Lessons
Lesson 2 Command of Evidence Quantitative
Command of Evidence Quantitative
Command of Evidence Quantitative Worked Example
Lesson 6 Text Structure and Purpose
Part-to-whole Relationships
Text Structure and Purpose
About the StudyDeposit
Changelog
Community Collaboration
Recent Notes
Lesson 4 The this Keyword
Nov 13, 2024
Scope
Nov 13, 2024
Lesson 3 Parameterized Constructors
Nov 12, 2024
Actual Parameter
Nov 12, 2024
Call by Value
Nov 12, 2024
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AP Computer Science A
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Unit 1 Primitive Types
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Concepts
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Algorithm
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Sequencing
Sequencing
Sep 23, 2024
1 min read
Sequencing is putting steps in an order.
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