The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival fueled by social changes and the Market Revolution during the late 18th to early 19th century in the United States. It spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching and sparked a number of reform movements. Revivals were a key part of the movement and attracted hundreds of converts to new Protestant denominations. It sparked a rise in church membership and personal faith, especially among women. This movement, marked by emotional camp meetings and evangelical preaching, aimed to create a ‘heaven on Earth’, influencing the Transcendentalism movement. It also inspired social reforms and democratized religion.