Grover Cleveland

Political Party: Democrat Terms: 1885-1889 and 1893-1897 (Non-consecutive)

Era

Political Policies

Extended the power of the executive branch. Like when he used executive privileges to not hand over department files to Congress.
Used the executive power to veto 414 times. This helped to establish an equilibrium between executive and legislative branches.
Sent warships to Panama and almost went to war with Britain over Venezuela.
Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) (1887)
Grand Army of the Republic
Bimetallism
Coxey’s Army (1894)
“Cross of Gold Speech” by William Jennings Bryan (Election of 1896)

Social Policies

Reluctant to use federal power to enforce the 15th Amendment. However, he allowed Frederick Douglass to continue in his post and appointed another black man (James Campbell Matthews) to replace Douglass upon his resignation.
Believed that Chinese immigrants were unwilling to assimilate into white society.
Lobbied Congress to pass the Scott Act, which prevented the return of Chinese immigrants who left the United States.
Did little to relieve workers of the economic depression during his term.
Haymarket Riot (1886).
American Federation of Labor (AFL) (1886)
Dawes Severalty Act (1887)
Social Gospel Movement
”Our Country: Its Possible Future and Present Crisis” by Josiah Strong (1885)
Frontier Thesis by Fredrick Jackson Turner (1893)
Atlanta Compromise (1895)
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Social Gospel Movement
Antisaloon League

Economic Policies

Believed in the lowering of tariffs and believed lowering tariffs were key to his ideals in free trade principles. He was very out there about his disliking of high tariffs and believed it to be catastrophic to the trade in the United States.
Worked to reduce barriers in international trade.
During his second election, Grover sent troops to break the Pullman’s Strike in Chicago.
Alternate Current by Nikola Tesla (1885)
Wabash v. Illinois (1886)
Panic of 1893
United States v. E.C. Knights (1895)

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